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KMID : 1161420190220060602
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Journal of Medicinal Food
2019 Volume.22 No. 6 p.602 ~ p.613
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Cudrania Tricuspidata Extract and Its Major Constituents Inhibit Oxidative Stress-Induced Liver Injury
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Cho Sam-Seok
Yang Ji-Hye
Seo Kyu-Hwa
Shin Sang-Mi
Park Eun-Young
Cho Seung-Sik
Jo Geon-Ung
Eo Ji-Hyun
Park Jong-Seok
Oh Deuk-Sil
Kim Jin-Beom
Na Chun-Soo
Ku Sae-Kwang
Cho Il-Je
Ki Sung-Hwan
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Abstract
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The fruits, leaves, and roots of Cudrania tricuspidata have been reported to contain large amounts of vitamin B, vitamin C, and flavonoids. They exhibit various physiological activities such as antitumor and anti-inflammatory effects. However, the hepatoprotective effects of C. tricuspidata extracts against oxidative stress-mediated liver injury have not yet been investigated. We thus examined whether C. tricuspidata leaf extracts (CTEs) protect against oxidative stress-mediated liver injury in vitro and in vivo and elucidated the underlying mechanism. The cytoprotective effects of CTE through the NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/antioxidant response element (ARE) activation were presented and measured by biochemical analysis in HepG2 cells. To assess the protective effects of CTE in vivo, mice were administered with CTE (250 and 500?mg/kg; 5 days; p.o.) before a single dose of acetaminophen (APAP) (300?mg/kg; 24?h; i.p.). CTE increased ARE luciferase activity when compared with extracts of other parts of C. tricuspidata. CTE upregulated nuclear translocation of Nrf2 and its target gene expression. In addition, CTE inhibited the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cell death induced by arachidonic acid (AA) and iron (Fe) treatment in primary hepatocytes or HepG2 cells. The cytoprotective effects of CTE against oxidative stress might be due to kaempferol, the major flavonoid present in CTE. Kaempferol pretreatment blocked AA+Fe-induced ROS production and reversed glutathione depletion, which in turn led to decreased cell death. Furthermore, the protective effects of CTE against liver injury induced by excess APAP in mice or primary hepatocytes were observed. CTE could be a promising therapeutic candidate against oxidative stress-induced liver injury.
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KEYWORD
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Cudrania tricuspidata, kaempferol, liver injury, Nrf2, ROS
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